If the laptop was just repaired and you noticed the issue right away, then the repair should be covered under the previous damage repair (depends on whether the repair was a mail-in or just replacing individual components in the store's repair shop).
If any significant amount of time has transpired since the damage repair, then Apple may consider as new damage. All you can do is inquire at the place you had it repaired to find out. Technically the USB-C port is inexpensive, but it could require extensive labor to access it depending on the exact model (some USB-C ports can be removed easily while others require removal of the Logic Board).
Sounds like the repair shop didn't properly inspect the USB-C ports during the repair. I have seen so many dirty & damaged USB-C ports that I always inspect them no matter why a laptop arrives for repair. If you get no satisfaction, then speak with the manager. If still no satisfaction, then you may need to contact Apple directly...I doubt Apple support will do anything to help...so you may be contacting Apple corporate to let them know your dissatisfaction with the repair team not catching the damaged port. Be calm & polite. I would even offer to pay for the actual part (should be about $15 US) & have them cover the additional labor since it was their fault, but if it was a mail-in repair the Apple agent may not have much they can do (a store manager especially at an Apple Store has a lot more leeway is making exceptions than an AASP does).
I highly recommend people test everything with their device after a repair to make sure every major component is working including built-in cameras, WiFi, Bluetooth, and all ports. Reporting an issue right away will usually be covered under the previous repair as it is less likely an accident occurred the same day of getting the device back home.