The default behavior is as follows:
Touch ID/Power button behavior
- Press to turn on your Mac or wake it from sleep.
- Press and hold to force your Mac to turn off, such as when your Mac isn’t responding and you can’t choose Shut Down from the Apple menu .
- Press to lock your screen.
More info: Sleep, log out, and shut down shortcuts - Apple Support
To put your Mac to sleep, do any of the following:
- Choose Apple menu > Sleep.
- On your Mac laptop, close the display.
More info: Put your Mac to sleep or wake it - Apple Support
The long press only applies when you are starting from the Mac being shut down. With the Mac shut down, hold the Touch ID/power button until the 'loading startup options' message or the options screen appears.
How to start up from macOS Recovery - Apple Support
The above are the expected behaviors. If your single press (#1 above) is a long press, that is triggering a hard shutdown. A short press will lock the screen, which is what happens on my 16" M4 Pro MBP running macOS Golden Gate 27.0.1.
If you are not seeing the expected behavior, then see if the problem is present when you boot in safe mode. That process performs some system cleanup and clears caches, and also disables 3rd party extensions that may cause problems.
Start up your Mac in safe mode - Apple Support
If that does not correct the issue, test in a new user account. A newly-created user account will have all settings at default, and if the issue does not occur in that new account then it provides guidance on what may need to be changed to correct the issue.
Add a user or group on Mac - Apple Support
Once the testing is complete, the new account can easily be deleted.
Delete a user or group on Mac – Apple Support
Those steps will help to isolate the problem.
It might help to download and run EtreCheck, written by a long-time forum member. The free version is fine. Post the full report using the Additional Text button. No personal information is revealed.
