The fact that you still use other Apple devices is helpful, because you may not need to keep going round the recovery loop on the Mac.
First, establish exactly which password the Mac is asking for.
Your Mac login password and your Apple Account (Apple ID) password are two different things.
Apple specifically distinguishes between them. (Apple Support)
If the recovery process is asking for your Apple Account password and you do not know it, use your iPhone or iPad, the one you currently use with your Apple Account, to change it:
Settings >> [your name] >> Sign-In & Security >> Change Password
You will normally authenticate using the device passcode and then set a new Apple Account password. (Apple Support)
Once that is done, go back to the Mac and use the new Apple Account password when Recovery asks for it.
You may also be asked for a verification code on one of your trusted devices.
If the Mac is instead asking for a FileVault recovery key, or you are seeing an Activation Lock screen, that is ’a different situation and changing the Apple Account password alone may not be the complete solution.
Apple provides separate recovery procedures for those cases. (Apple Support)
So I would not erase the Mac at this stage.
If you can tell us the exact wording on the screen where you are getting stuck( or post a photo of it), we can identify which password/recovery mechanism it is and give you the appropriate next step.
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