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Is making an SD card into startup media for an M4 MacBook Pro not allowed?

First, it is important to differentiate between a "bootable installer," which is something I can make on an SD card or an external hard drive with my eyes closed. Instead, what I'm trying to make is a bootable macOS that is functional, as though I booted from my internal hard drive. It works fine on an external hard drive, but I can't get it to work on an SD card.


The steps are here: support.apple.com/en-us/111336.


The process appears to work the same on an SD card as it does with an external hard drive, it's just that what I get in the end doesn't work:

  • 13.6 GB is used on a 64 GB card
  • The System folder is chock full of stuff
  • Library folder is empty
  • /Applications folder is empty
  • /System/Applications folder has the applications you get when you do a new install, BUT...
  • ...any app launches with "app is damaged and can't be opened" and an "unexpectedly quit" message
  • The Users folder is empty (I took the option to copy user settings)
  • I can't write to the finished SD card at all
  • The Mac never sees the card as a bootable device


Is there a restriction on making an SD card into a bootable and functional macOS?

1 reply

It should work but I don't recommend installing macOS on a SD card (or USB thumb/flash drive) because they are usually slow and unreliable. Use a proper SSD drive instead. M series Macs are quite picky where they choose to boot from so the external drive and its enclosure might also be a limiting issue.


In M-series Mac make sure NOT to use the DFU port for the destination drive when installing macOS on an external drive (in MacBook Pro M5 DFU port is the leftmost USB-C port when you're facing the left side of the Mac).


How to identify the DFU port on Mac - Apple Support


Anyway, in MacBook Pro M5 only the rightmost port on the left side works when installing or updating macOS on an external drive. Using the right side port it seems to install but then fails to boot. Trying to install on top of such volume issues a warning "This volume cannot be used since it has a secure token without any users. Please use Disk Utility to erase this volume."


The external drive can then boot from all ports.