Screen Time only shows Safari/websites, while app usage is missing and total usage is incorrectly reported on iPhone 15 Pro Max

I’m experiencing two related Screen Time issues on my iPhone 15 Pro Max after updating to iOS 27:

1. Screen Time is not recording/displaying usage for my apps. Apps such as Instagram, WhatsApp, YouTube, etc. are not appearing with their actual usage.
2. Instead, Screen Time appears to be recording/duplicating website activity, particularly Safari/websites, resulting in impossible usage figures such as 19+ hours in a single day.
3. This problem originally started for me on iOS 26 around 2–3 months ago. I have now updated to iOS 27, but the exact same issue remains.

[Edited by Moderator]